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O-Level Whole numbers and the operations performed on them

What the O-Level syllabus expects for Whole numbers and the operations performed on them, and how to practise it.

What the syllabus expects

primes, together with writing a number as a product of its prime factors
using prime factorisation to find the HCF and the LCM, and to work out a number's square, its cube, and its square and cube roots
the four arithmetic operations carried out on integers, on rational numbers, and more generally on real (including negative) numbers
performing calculations with the aid of a calculator
placing numbers on a number line and arranging them by size
using the inequality symbols <, >, ⩽ and ⩾
forming approximations and making estimates
Scope: includes rounding a value to a stated quantity of significant figures or of decimal places, together with estimating what a calculation ought to produce
expressing a number in standard form as A × 10ⁿ, in which A lies within 1 ⩽ A < 10 while the power n is a whole-number integer
indices, whether positive, negative, zero or fractional
the index laws